ABSTRACT
@#Various studies conducted worldwide emphasized the importance of identifying gastric cancer risk factors for better prevention and further incidence reduction. A total of 52 identified risk factors for gastric cancer were classified into nine categories in which diet, lifestyle, and infections are leading causes. Gastric cancer morbidity and mortality has an increasing trend annually in our country. In Mongolia, only 1% is diagnosed in the carcinoma stage, 3% in the first stage, 11% in the second stage, 43% in the third stage, 42% in the fourth stage. </br> The “Gastric cancer risk factors study, 2018” by L.Tulgaa, and D.Ganchimeg confirmed smoking on an empty stomach as a risk factor. B.Gantuya et al`s (2018) study on gastric cancer and helicobacter infection, as well as S.Tsegmed et al`s (2012) gastric cancer prevalence, its risk factors study, had similar results. </br> B.Gantuya et al (2018) identified the excessive consumption of salt among the gastric cancer diagnosed population in Mongolia. Also, L.Tulgaa and D.Ganchimeg et al`s “Gastric cancer risk factors study, 2018” results reported the daily consumption of salt in tea is a risk for gastric cancer. </br> L.Tulgaa et al`s (2018) study participants had irregular mealtime such as dinners are at a very late hour, the meals aren`t chewed well, leftover meals, and seasoning consumption. These characteristics were significantly different in two groups with a statistically important result. </br> Furthermore, the study results suggested a need to provide practical advice on healthy eating to the population as 50% of the participants consumed more than 5 high-risk food products for esophageal and gastric cancer along with combined risk factors.
ABSTRACT
@#COVID-19 global pandemic is spreading rapidly between close contacts through respiratory droplets. The most effective measures to combat and reduce infection outbreaks include social distancing, movement restrictions, and health sector capacity building, as well as public health. Scientists emphasize the importance of containing the number of positive cases without exceeding current doctors and hospital resources. They concluded that quarantine, particularly complete lockdown is effective in controlling the risk. </br> Furthermore, the mistakes reported during lockdown enforcement are the only measures to be taken when the infection rate peaks. In the highest infection rate, the intensive care unit needs to increase by 10 percent in only 24 hours if there is no lockdown. In China, complete and partial quarantines in COVID-19 outbreak areas were effective in containing the infection transmission. Mongolia declared a state of emergency and enforced quarantine on November 10, 2020, since the first positive case was reported. Without the quarantine, the number of positive cases is estimated to be 3.2 times higher.
ABSTRACT
Нойр булчирхайн цочмог үрэвсэл, эмнэлзүйн урьдчилан тооцоолох дүрэм, Ranson –ийн шалгуур, APACHE II-ийн шалгуур@#A clinical prediction rule is a type of medical research study in which researchers try to identify the best combination of medical sign, symptoms, and other findings in predicting the probability of a specific disease or outcome. More than 80% of all patients with acute pancreatitis recover promptly without developing severe pancreatitis. The presence of early organ failure (within 24 hours of admission), multiple-organ system failure, and persistent or progressive (present beyond 48 hours after admission) organ failure are associated with prolonged hospitalization, ICU admission, need for surgery, and death. In high developed country, Ranson and APACHE II prognostic criteria are used in order to evaluate patient´s situation and modified treatment tactics. That is give an idea us to carry out retrospective study, by using patients´ documents, who hospitalized in National central hospital in last year. As result, according to Ranson´s criteria 13 (31.7%) of all patients had 0-2 score, which means mortality risk was 1.8%, 20 (48.8%) had 3-4 score (mortality risk is 11%), 8 (19.5%) were estimated 5-6 score, having 33% of mortality risk. Whereas, regarding to APACHE-II criteria 14 (34.2%) of total patients had score of 0-4, showing 4% of mortality risk, 23 (56.1%) were scored 5-9, having 8% of risk, 3 (7.3%) were scored 10-14, having 15% of risk, 1 (2.4%) had 15-19 score, having 24% of risk. Moreover, we determined that incomplete laboratory test, meaning essential prognostic criteria not used in Mongolia.